4 research outputs found
Kajian keberkesanan olahan larut lesapan menggunakan elektrod aluminum dan ferum dalam sistem elektro-penggumpalan
Elektro-pengumpalan merupakan satu kaedah alternatif yang kompetatif selain
daripada kaedah konvesional bagi merawat air sisa terutamanya larut lesapan yang
mempunyai struktur bahan pencemar yang kompleks dan tinggi. Kajian
keberkesanan elekto-penggumpalan telahpun dijalankan bagi menentukan
keberkesanan sistem ini beroperasi. Objektif utama kajian ini adalah bagi mengkaji
keberkesanan dan potensi sistem beroperasi dengan menggunakan empat jenis
susunan elektrod, Fe-Fe, Al-Al, Fe
dan aluminum sulfat di samping
penentuan nilai optimum ketumpatan arus elektrik, jarak antara elektrod, masa
tindakbalas, pH, masa enapan dan aluminum sulfat. Penggunaan CILAS Analyzer
digunakan bagi menentukan saiz flok di setiap penentuan optimum yang diperolehi.
Sebanyak 750 liter sampel larut lesapan diambil pada awal bulan Disember 2010 -
Januari 2011. Pengujian awalan BOD, COD, pepejal terampai, nitrogen ammonia,
warna dan kekeruhan turut diuji terhadap sampel mentah yang diperolehi. Reaktor
kaca bersaiz 300mm x 80mm x 200mm (4 L sampel) dengan luas berkesan elektrod
penggumpal, 60 sm
+
-
+
-
-Al
, Al
-Fe
2
digunakan di samping ujian penyingkiran parameter seperti
COD, pepejal terampai, nitrogen ammonia warna dan kekeruhan turut diuji di dalam
kajian ini. Hasil keseluruhan kajian mendapati bahawa penggunaan elektrod Al-Al
memberikan peratus penyingkiran tertinggi di mana penentuan optimum yang
diperolehi bagi ketumpatan arus elektrik adalah 0.025 amp/sm
, jarak antara elektrod,
10 cm, masa tindakbalas, 60 minit, pH 5 dan masa enapan, 30 minit. Peratus
penyingkiran yang diperolehi bagi COD, pepejal terampai, nitrogen ammonia, warna
dan kekeruhan adalah 82.5%, 94.7%, 65.6%, 91% and 90.6%. Percampuran
aluminum sulfat terhadap penggunaan elektrod Al-Al memberikan dos optimum
sebanyak 1500 mg/l di mana penyingkiran tertinggi yang diperolehi bagi COD,
pepejal terampai, nitrogen ammonia, warna dan kekeruhan adalah 84.2%, 81%,
80.3%, 75% and 81.1%. Kesimpulanya, penggunaan elektrod Al-Al dicadangkan, di
mana sedikit pra olahan perlu dilakukan bagi menepati piawaian yang dibenarkan
oleh Standard Malaysia bagi tahap lepasan larut lesapan.
Katakunci: air sisa domestik; Elektro-pengumpalan; larut lesapa
Pocket-hydro turbine into capsule hydro turbine
The capsule hydro turbine (CaHT) is a continuous power machine in which a wheel or rotor typically filted whereas produce electricity. It is designed like a capsule shape which has two twin turbines on both output to generate energy as an alternative power supply. The devide is capable of producing output of 12v to power up electrical applicances. The device consist of dynamos, turbines, charging circuit, battery, inverter, and wire cables. The result of the capsule hydro turbine (CaHT) field is presented in three types of graphs as in this paper. The optimum voltage of battery was 6.97v. By using these terms, the research project has successfully improvised the pocket hydro turbine (PHT) into capsule hydro turbine (CaHT
Hybrid Micro-Hydro Power Generation Development in Endau Rompin National Park Johor, Malaysia
Micro-Hydro electrical power systems are very useful for remote area electrification which does not had supply from the national grid. On the contrary, this area has river streams with high potential for micro-hydro power generation. As such, the UTHM ECO-Hydro Team embarked on a project for erecting a micro-hydro power plant with collaboration with National Education Research Center (NERC), Johor National Park Corporation in Endau Rompin. The existing power generation in this area at present is by using diesel generator gives negative impact on finance and environment in the long run. It supplies power to several including library, offices, open laboratory, chalets and dorms.. At the moment, the micro-hydro system complements the diesel generator, thus becoming a hybrid power generation system
Hybrid Micro-Hydro Power Generation Development in Endau Rompin National Park Johor, Malaysia
Micro-Hydro electrical power systems are very useful for remote area electrification which does not had supply from the national grid. On the contrary, this area has river streams with high potential for micro-hydro power generation. As such, the UTHM ECO-Hydro Team embarked on a project for erecting a micro-hydro power plant with collaboration with National Education Research Center (NERC), Johor National Park Corporation in Endau Rompin. The existing power generation in this area at present is by using diesel generator gives negative impact on finance and environment in the long run. It supplies power to several including library, offices, open laboratory, chalets and dorms.. At the moment, the micro-hydro system complements the diesel generator, thus becoming a hybrid power generation system